考研英语二高频核心词汇(十三)

2024-08-12

高频核心词汇
     

241.automatic  

n.①自动手枪(或步枪)②自动换挡汽车

adj.①自动的②无意识的,不假思索的③必然的,当然的

adj.无意识的,不假思索的

例:Over the past decade,many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors-among consumers.在过去的十年里,许多公司已经在消费者中完善了引导无意识行为(即习惯)的技巧。(2010年阅读三)

记:前缀auto-(自己)+词根mat(思考)+形容词后缀-ic(自动的)


242.automation

n.自动化

例:When there is rapid improvement in the price andperformance of technology, jobs that were once thought to be immune from automation suddenly become threatened.当技术在成本及性能方面快速改善时,那些曾经被认为不会受自动化影响的工作也会突然受到威胁。(2014年阅读三)

记:单词automate(表“自动化”,去e)+名词后缀-ion(表示行为、状态)=单词automation(自动化)


243.belief

n.①相信,信心②看法,信念 ③信仰

n. 看法,信念

搭:religious beliefs宗教信仰

例:I don't like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, governance by the capable.我也不喜欢定额;它们与我对人才管理制度的信念背道而驰,即能者居其位的理念。(2013年阅读四)


244.billion

n.①十亿②数以十亿计,大量例

n.十亿

例:In 2015,the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires-nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago.2015年,美国林业局首次将55亿美元年度预算的一半以上用于灭火,这一比例几乎是20年前的两倍。(2017年阅读四)


245.blame

vt. ①把……归咎于 ②责怪,指责

n.①(坏事或错事的)责任②责备,指责

vt.把……归咎于

搭:blame sb.for sth.因某事责怪某人

be to blame(for sth.)(对坏事)负有责任

例:“They blame it on the manufacturing recession,” says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development ageney for western Michigan.“他们将其归咎于制造业的萧条,”密歇根州西部的一家商业开发机构The Right Place的首席执行官博吉特·克罗斯说道。(2017年信息匹配)


246.comment

V.评论

n.①议论,评论 ②批评,指责

comment on/upon sth.对某事发表意见

no comment(常用于回答记者的问题)无可奉告

例:Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?为什么人们会阅读负面的网络评论,做一些明显会让人痛苦的事情?(2018年完形)


247.consideration

n.①仔细考虑,深思 ②考虑周到,体谅③报酬,酬金

n.考虑周到,体谅

搭:take sth. into consideration考虑到/顾及某事

例:Many of the aspects of homebuying aren’t a consideration for children, said Tracey Hampson, a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita, Calif.加利福尼亚州圣克拉里塔市的房地产经纪人特蕾西·汉普森说,购房涉及方方面面,很多都不是孩子所能考虑的事。(2019年信息匹配)

记:单词consider(考虑)+名词后缀-ation(表行为)=单词consideration(仔细考虑)


248.constant

n. 常数,常量

adj.①连续发生的,不断的②不变的,固定的

adj.连续发生的,不断的

例:Newport also recommends “deep scheduling”to combat constant interruptions and get more done in less time.纽波特还建议“深度规划”以对抗持续干扰并在更短的时间内完成更多工作。(2018年阅读四)

记:前缀con-(共同)+词根st(站立,放置)+形容词后缀-ant(…的)=单词constant(始终不变地站在一起→不变的,固定的)


249.corporation

n.①(大)公司②法人

n.(大)公司

例:Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership.瑞丁邀请各企业签名以支持性别平衡目标,即女性在董事会中占40%。(2013年阅读四)


250.deny

vt. ①否认,否定②拒绝

vt.拒绝

例:Markets have lost faith that the euro zone's economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.欧元区各经济体,无论强弱,终有一天会因使用同种货币的原则而融合,欧盟拒绝缺乏竞争力的成员国采取货币贬值这一权宜之计,然而,如今市场已对此失去了信心。(2011年阅读四)


251.disease

n. ①疾病 ②弊端,恶疾

搭:heart disease心脏病

例:A number of studies have concluded that normal- weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight.大量研究得出结论,与超重人群相比,体重正常的人患某些疾病的风险其实更高。(2014年完形)

记:前缀dis-(否定)+单词ease(舒适)=单词disease(不舒适→疾病)


252.distraction

n.①分散注意力的事,使人分心的事②娱乐,消遣

例:Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective, while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the best results.哈福德认为,无可避免的干扰通常会使每日任务清单失效,而在任务清单中留出临时应变的空间则能收获最佳结果。(2018年阅读四)

记:前缀dis-(分开)+词根tract(拉)+名词后缀-ion(表示结果、状态)=单词distraction(拉开,分散→分散注意力的事)


253.due

n.应有的权利,应得到的东西

adj.①由于,因为 ②预定,预期,到期 ③应支付,应给予,应得到 ④适当的,合适的

搭:due to 由于

例:It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight due to altering your training program.由于你改变了训练计划,所以需要大约三周到一个月的时间才能看到体重上任何显著的变化。(2019年完形)

记:词根du(负债)+字母e=单词due(负债→应支付)


254.elite

n.上层集团,社会精英

adj.出类拔萃的,高层次的

搭:intellectual elite 知识界的精英

例:The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes.相比之下,奥运会的申办者希望使更多的人从事体育运动,产生更多出类拔萃的运动员。(2017年阅读一)

记:前缀e-(出去)+词根lite(选)=单词 elite(选出的人物→社会精英)


255.emerge

v.暴露,露出真相

vi. ①出现,浮现 ②显现,显露

例:This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie,an84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history.这是现在格洛丽亚·麦肯齐面临的问题。这位84岁的寡妇最近刚刚从佛罗里达州一座铁皮屋顶的小房子里出来,领取了历史上最大的彩票头奖,且没有他人同时中头奖。(2014年阅读一)

记:前缀e-(向外)+词根merg(沉,浸)+字母e=单词emerge(浮出水面→浮现)


256.employ

vt.①雇用②应用

n.in sb.'s employ替某人工作,为某人所雇用

搭:be employed in doing sth.从事于/忙于做某事

例:We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to achieve this.我们有一种根深蒂固的需求,即让自我感觉良好的需求,而且我们会自然地应用许多自我提升的策略去实现此目的。(2014年阅读二)

记:前缀em-(进入)+词根ploy(用)=单词employ(进人用的状态→雇用)


257.exist

vi.①存在②生活,生存

例:There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard templates”of the newsroom seem alien to many readers.新闻记者和读者之间存在着社会和文化方面的脱节,这有助于解释为什么新闻编辑室的“标准模板”对许多读者来说是陌生的。(2001年阅读三)


258.explore

v.勘探,考察   vt.探究,探索

例:The boy is convinced that if he reads enough, he can explore as many career paths as he likes.这个男孩相信,如果他读足够多的书,那么他就可以探索他喜欢的任何职业道路。(2018年信息匹配)

记:前缀ex-(出)+词根plor(喊)+字母e=单词explore(猎人通过喊声把猎物驱赶出来→探索)


259.expression  

n.①表达,表示②表情,神色③词语,措辞

例:“Parents don't have to be exquisitely present at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,"says Radesky.“父母没必要总是细致敏感,但是要有一个平衡,家长需要对孩子言语的或非言语的情感需求表达作出反应和保持敏感,”拉德斯基说道。(2017年阅读二)

记:单词express(表达)+名词后缀-ion(表行为)=单词expression(表达)


260.freedom

n.①自由②不受……影响的状态

搭:freedom of assembly 集会自由

freedom of commerce and trade 商贸自由

freedom of expression 言论自由例

例:According to the author, today’s birds of passage want the freedom to stay and leave.根据作者的观点,今日“候鸟型”移民想要来去的自由。(2013年阅读二)

记:单词free(自由的)+名词后缀-dom(表示状态、性质)=单词freedom(自由)

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